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Mandalas (Inglés II)

Mandalas

Mandalas can be an excellent art therapy intervention for both children and adults.  The   word "mandala" comes from the Sanskrit word for "circle."  However, it means more than just the shape and also encompasses the idea of wholeness and unity.  Mandalas can be powerful symbols and have been present in many cultures and spiritual practices.  Carl Jung introduced the West to the idea of mandalas and often created mandalas as a form of self-expression and exploration of his internal world. 

The mandala is widely recognized as a meaningful reflection of its creator. Mandala art therapy & healing can be a great source of reflection on one’s soul.

How to make a mandala:

To create a mandala, you simply start with a circle, and then fill in the circle with patterns, colors, and symbols.  You can work with any color paper and can use any drawing material that you like.  In art therapy, clients may be given an open-ended prompt to create the mandala by adding colors and patterns.  Or they can be given a somewhat more specific prompt, such as to create a mandala to "show how you feel today."  They have been used as a container for anger, encouraging a frustrated child to "scribble all your anger inside the circle."  Mandalas can also be used as in intervention to explore the inner life versus the outer life: "Inside the circle, represent what is going on inside of you; outside the circle represent what is going on in your life around you."

Purpose and benefits of mandala making:

Creating mandalas as art therapy can be a wonderful activity for centering, meditation, emotional expression, and self-soothing. Many people find the process of drawing and filling in the mandala to be very calming.  In addition, the structure of the circle serves both to provide a sense of containment and to decrease anxiety.   The circle gives you a starting place and reminds you that this is not a typical drawing.  Mandalas can provide with a tool to use at home for relaxation and self-soothing.  Some people may enjoy keeping a "mandala journal" in which they create a different mandala every day as a way to increase mindfulness and self-awareness.   

References:

http://creativityintherapy.blogspot.com.ar/2012/11/mandalas.html

http://www.arttherapyblog.com/art-therapy-ideas/healing-with-mandala-art-a-multi-cultural-idea-worth-exploring/#.VUpKFfl_NBc

https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/arts-and-health/201003/cool-art-therapy-intervention-6-mandala-drawing

(May 6, 2015)

Mandala by Agó Páez Vilaró

Summary of some English verb tenses

PRESENT SIMPLE	Routines Facts Scientific facts	To be Sujeto + am/is/are + verb E.g. You are students		To be Suj + verb + not E.g. I'm not teacher You aren't students	To be Am/are/is + suj + verb? E.g. Are you students?
		The rest of the verbs  (I/ you/are) Sujeto + verb (she/he/it) Sujeto + verb +"s" E.g. I watch films He watches films	(she/he/it) has goes does	The rest of the verbs Suj + Don't / Doesn't + verb E.g. I don't watch films She doesn't watch films	The rest of the verbs Do/Does + suj+verb? E.g. Do you watch filmes? Does she watch films?
	KEY WORDS	Usually, always, never, often, sometimes, everyday
PRESENT CONTINUOUS Verbs not included in this tense Need/want/like/love/hate/prefer	Happening now	Suj + am/are/is + ing E.g. I am eating pizza now		Suj + am/are/is + not + ver +ing E.g. I am not eating pizza now	Am/are/is + suj+ verb + ing E.g. Are you eating pizza now?
	KEY WORDS	Look¡¡, listen¡¡, now, at this moment, right now
PAST SIMPLE	Started and finished in the past	To be I/he/she/it + was + verb E.g. I was born in Bs. As. You/we/they + were + verb E.g. You were born in Bs. As The rest of regular and irregular verbs E.g. Reg. I watched TV yesterday E.g. Irreg. I ate pizza yesterday		To be Suj + was/were+ not + verb E.g. I wasn't born in Bs. As. You weren't born in Bs. As. The rest of regular and irregular verbs E.g. Reg. I didn't watch TV yesterday E.g. Irreg. I didn't eat pizza yesterday	To be Was/were + suj + verb E.g. Were you born in Bs. As. The rest of regular and irregular verbs E.g. Reg. Did you watch TV yesterday? E.g. Irreg. Did you eat pizza yesterday?
	KEY WORDS	Yesterday, ...ago, last week, last year, in 19... Expresiones de tiempo precisas.
PRESENT PERFECT	-Actions that started in the past and are not finished actions -Recent Actions -No time reference	I/you/we/they + have + verb 3° col. He/she/it + has + ver 3° col. E.g. I have studied English since 2005 I have worked here (sigo trabajando)		I/you/we/they + haven't + verb 3° col. He/she/it + hasn't + verb 3° col. E.g. I haven't studied yet He hasn't died yet	Have/has + suj + verb 3° col.? E.g. Have you studied...? Has he died...?
	KEY WORDS	Already, since, for, sofar, ever, yet, just, still, recently, lately.
FUTURE "GOING TO"	Plans Predictions	Suj + to be +going to + infinitive verb E.g. I am going to buy a new car		Suj + tobe + not + going to + infinitive verb E.g. I am not going to buy a new car  She isn't going to buy a new car	To be + suj + going to + infinitive verb E.g. Are you going to buy a new car?