CIV 2018 - Lesson 5 Ebola virus

Ebola Virus

News about Ebola disease has triggered since 2014. Studies about Ebola started in approximately 1976. But in 2013 Ebola cases began to increase. Many people have studied about it, for example, Thomas Geisbert, a professor at the University of Texas Medical Branch has studied and tested drugs against Ebola for many years. There are no approved drugs or vaccines on the market, so several Ebola patients have received experimental medications. It is a dangerous virus that can cause people to get very sick and even die. It has killed 961 people. The virus has caused the biggest problems in western Africa, where an outbreak of Ebola has spread quickly. Medical experts all over the world are taking steps to stop Ebola and to treat the people who are sick.

Ebola was also called Ebola hemorrhagic fever because it can cause the body to hemorrhage. Ebola is very contagious and it is often life threatening. When people with Ebola are properly diagnosed, isolated, and cared for, the risk of passing the disease to others is low.

What Happens When Someone Has Ebola?

Ebola often starts with fever and headache, like the flu. People who have suffered from Ebola need to be cared for in a special way so that the disease doesn't spread to doctors, nurses, or others in their families and communities. The first child with Ebola died in a village in Guinea on December 6, 2013.

How Do People Get It?

Doctors aren't sure but they think that people have picked up the virus from contact with infected animals. Moreover, some tropical animals in Africa can carry the virus. Ebola spreads through direct contact with body fluids. People can get the virus by handling or touching an infected person's drops of blood, urine, saliva, or other body fluids. They also can get it through contact with objects that have been contaminated with infected blood or fluids.

Ebola can spread quickly within families and in treatment centers if caregivers don't wear the right protective equipment, like gloves and masks. Ebola doesn't spread through food or water like some viruses do. It doesn't travel through the air like cold or flu viruses do.

How Contagious Is It?

With Ebola, a person is contagious after he or she starts to feel sick from the virus. Many people have consulted about it. The virus can stay in the body for weeks after a person feels better. That's why it's so important for people who have had the virus to stay in medical care and away from other people.

How Do People Know They Have It?

The first signs of Ebola can appear from 2 to 21 days after someone has been exposed to the virus. Early signs of Ebola include: fever, headache, joint and muscle aches, weakness and tiredness, sore throat and chills. 

What Do Doctors Do?

Doctors might do tests, like liver function tests or blood tests. Most people who get Ebola need intensive care in an isolation unit at a hospital or other well-equipped medical center. Here's what hospital medical teams do for people with Ebola: give them lots of fluids to keep them well hydrated, keep their oxygen and blood pressure levels steady, give patients blood transfusions to replace lost blood and treat problems as they happen.

Some experimental treatments were completed for Ebola in recent years; and they have been effective when tested on animals, but are not officially approved for use in people.

How Do People Protect Themselves?

There is no vaccine to prevent Ebola, although scientists have worked hard to develop one. The best way to guard against Ebola infection is to avoid places that have had outbreaks.

If you are in a place where there's Ebola, you should:

·        avoid contact with people who are sick

·        wash your hands often

·        not touch or eat wild animals.

Ebola is one of the deadliest diseases known. But doctors are learning more about it all the time. Do you think this situation will change?

For more information, visit:

http://www.who.int/csr/disease/ebola/situation-reports/en/

http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2014/10/14/more-ebola-vaccine-studies/17254175/

§  Complete the table with information related to the text in Spanish.

What?
When?
Where?
Why?
Who?
How?

 

§  Match the following as shown in the example.

Connector	visit: http://www.who.int/csr/disease
Imperative	might
Modal verb	person's drops
Possessive case	biggest
Suffix	if
Modal verb	tiredness
Superlative adjective	should  Diferencias del pretérito perfecto simple con el pasado simple ·        Énfasis en la acción o en el resultado Simple Past Present Perfect Simple Emphasis on action I bought a new bike yesterday. I have bought a new bike so I can ride with you. Emphasis on result ·        Si el período de tiempo ha finalizado o no Simple Past Present Perfect Simple The time period has finished I painted my house last week. I have painted my room this week. The time period has not finished ·        Si es información nueva o anterior Simple Past Present Perfect Simple You give older information He broke his leg last year. He has broken her leg again. You give recent news ·        Si es un momento específico o no Simple Past Present Perfect Simple The time is clear I saw the movie last Friday. I have seen that movie twice. The time is not specific ·        Si la acción ha finalizado o no (Uso de FOR and SINCE) Simple Past Present Perfect Simple For: the action is finished I lived there for two years. I have lived there for ten years. For /since: the action isn’t finished Referencias de tiempo Simple Past Present Perfect Simple yesterday Just (recién) last… Already (ya) …ago Since (desde) when she got married (past events) Ever (alguna vez) during the war… so far (hasta ahora) in 1980, on tuesday, etc. (past dates) lately / recently (últimamente, recientemente) Para finalizar… Empleamos el Pasado simple para eventos o acciones pasadas SIN relación con el presente. Empleamos el Presente perfecto para las acciones que comenzaron en el pasado y continúan en el presente, o para acciones finalizadas con relación con el presente. No se puede emplear el Presente perfecto con una referencia de tiempo que implique tiempo finalizado. En el Presente perfecto siempre hay una relación entre el presente y el pasado o viceversa, una idea pasada pero con resultados en el presente. El tiempo de la acción es anterior al ahora sin especificar y generalmente estamos más interesados en el resultado que en la acción en sí.